Current World Environment

Preparation

Researchers washed bracts with distilled water to eliminate dust and maintained them under 37°C sun exposure for four days of drying.7 The Grey water is filtered as pre-treatment before actual coagulation.

Synthesisandactivation

The obtained charcoal is cooled down and divided into three parts, mixed with Phosphoric acid, Potassium hydroxide, Calcium Carbonate.

The obtained charcoal is cooled down and divided into three parts, the ratio of 1:2 (1g: carbon substitute (Banana Bract); 2g:1+1 distilled water + acid (say Phosphoric acid and respectively))

Theactivationisdone using,

H3PO4 (Phosphoric Acid) Phosphorous is chosen due to excellent synthesis process lead to high pore volume and increase in diameter for perfect adsorption.

CaCo3 (Calcium Carbonate) is chosen for pore structure development, the decomposition of CaO+Co2 this release creates pores in carbon structure extreme area.

KOH (potassium hydroxide) is chosen for adsorption capacity and reduced activating temperature and high pore formation (reaction between KOH and carbon generates gases that creates and expand pore network. A crucible received 1-hour exposure at 400 °C within the muffle furnace. The device was left to cool before being transferred into an air-tight package for subsequent testing.

Treatment byElectro-coagulation

500ml of sample in filled accurately in two beakers and 0.5g (since it’s the threshold for effective coagulation) of activated carbon (AC) is added respectively in separate beakers.

Mixed uniformly by using a Magnetic stirrer for approximately 3 minutes.

The positive and negative electrodes were connected to 2 Aluminum (Al) strips (say for first process) with a spacing of 5cm from each electrode and a supply of 12.9v DC power source.

The supplication is maintained undisturbed for 30 minutes and simultaneously for 60 and 90 minutes. after the period of time the metal ions get trapped on electrode surface and suspended particles form flocs and can be removed by simple filtration process. This process is repeated for different electrodes and adsorbent likewise.

ElectrodeSelection

Aluminum is Best for removing turbidity and color. Copper can be used For pH greater than 7, copper ions produce Cu(OH)2 and CuO, which can act as coagulants. Stainless steel is Best for removing total chromium in waste water source.

Selectionofactivationagent Calcium carbonate

Flexible porous structure and functional group modification increases the pore space in adsorbent.

PhosphoricAcid

Creates the porous structure, protects the carbon skeleton, creates enriched functional groups in adsorbents.

It causes less equipment corrosion.

Potassium Hydroxide

Creates large surface area narrow porosity distribution in adsorbents.

Results

The physio chemical analysis of effluent showed that the effluent is slightly alkaline in nature with less Dissolved oxygen and has high turbidity. If this water is discharged without treatment, it will pose a threat to Ground water. Though turbidity levels were high as compared to standards, their levels were not so much high. (Refer Table 1). Therefore, it’s safe to discharge into ground and can help to increase ground water table and reduce scarcity of water and can be used in some industrial purposes (oil refineries, coolants, etc.,).